Ruby Srivastava · 2025 · Nano Trends
Paper
mRNA vaccines have emerged as a transformative platform for cancer immunotherapy, offering rapid design, scalable production, and the capacity to encode multiple tumor antigens. By delivering mRNA directly or via ex vivo transfected dendritic cells (DCs), these vaccines induce potent polyclonal immune responses and bypass HLA restrictions, enabling broad applicability across diverse patient populations. A central challenge remains the efficient and tumor-specific delivery of mRNA. Advanced nanocarriers have improved mRNA stability, cellular uptake, and antigen expression, while stimuli-responsive nanomaterials add precision by enabling controlled release triggered by tumor-specific cues. This approach minimizes systemic toxicity and enhances therapeutic efficacy. Preclinical studies consistently demonstrate strong antitumor responses, and early clinical efforts increasingly focus on cancer-associated antigen (CAA) vaccines and DC-based strategies. Future development must focus on optimizing delivery platforms for safety, efficiency, and large-scale manufacturing, while systematically identifying tumor-specific antigens and neoantigens for personalized vaccines. Combining mRNA vaccines with immune checkpoint inhibitors, cytokine therapies, or adoptive cell therapies may further overcome immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments (TME) and amplify clinical benefit. In parallel, standardized immunomonitoring and long-term evaluation of immune responses are essential for successful translation. Addressing these scientific and manufacturing challenges will accelerate the integration of stimuli-responsive nanomaterials into mRNA vaccine platforms, paving the way for next-generation cancer immunotherapies with greater precision, potency, and accessibility.
Analysis
This paper reviews the use of stimuli-responsive nanomaterials for precise delivery of mRNA cancer vaccines, highlighting their potential to enhance efficacy and reduce toxicity.
Discovery
Karthick Vasudevan; T Dhanushkumar; Sripad Rama Hebbar; Prasanna Kumar Selvam; Majji Rambabu; K. Anbarasu; Rohini Karunakaran
Dariush Haghmorad; Majid Eslami; Niloufar Orooji; Iryna Halabitska; Iryna Kamyshna; Oleksandr Kamyshnyi; Valentyn Oksenych
Zachary Sethna; Pablo Guasp; Charlotte Reiche; Martina Milighetti; Nicholas Ceglia; Erin Patterson; Jayon Lihm; George C. Payne; Olga Lyudovyk; Luis A. Rojas; Nan Pang; Akihiro Ohmoto; Masataka Amisaki; Abderezak Zebboudj; Zagaa Odgerel; Emmanuel M. Bruno; Siqi Linsey Zhang; C. K. Cheng; Yuval Elhanati; Evelyna Derhovanessian; Luisa Manning; Felicitas Müller; Ina Rhee; Mahesh Yadav; Taha Merghoub; Jedd D. Wolchok; Olca Baştürk; Mithat Gönen; Andrew S. Epstein; Parisa Momtaz; Wungki Park; Ryan Sugarman; Anna M. Varghese; Elizabeth Won; Avni M. Desai; Alice C. Wei; Michael I. D’Angelica; T. Peter Kingham; Kevin C. Soares; William R. Jarnagin; Jeffrey A. Drebin; Eileen M. O’Reilly; Ira Mellman; Uğur Şahin; Özlem Türeci; Benjamin D. Greenbaum; Vinod P. Balachandran
David A. Braun; Giorgia Moranzoni; Vipheaviny Chea; Bradley A. McGregor; Eryn Blass; Chloe Ran Tu; Allison P. Vanasse; Cleo Forman; Juliet Forman; Alexander B. Afeyan; Nicholas Schindler; Yiwen Liu; Shuqiang Li; Jackson Southard; Steven L. Chang; Michelle S. Hirsch; Nicole R. LeBoeuf; Oriol Olive; Ambica Mehndiratta; Haley Greenslade; Keerthi Shetty; Susan Klaeger; Siranush Sarkizova; Christina B. Pedersen; Matthew Mossanen; Isabel Carulli; Anna Tarren; Joseph Duke-Cohan; Alexis A. Howard; J. Bryan Iorgulescu; Bohoon Shim; Jeremy M. Simon; Sabina Signoretti; Jon C. Aster; Liudmila Elagina; Steven A. Carr; Ignaty Leshchiner; Gad Getz; Stacey Gabriel; Nir Hacohen; Lars Rønn Olsen; Giacomo Oliveira; Donna Neuberg; Kenneth J. Livak; Sachet A. Shukla; Edward F. Fritsch; Catherine J. Wu; Derin B. Keskin; Patrick A. Ott; Toni K. Choueiri
Ting Fan; Congcong Xu; Jichuan Wu; Yihua Cai; WuQiang Cao; Haifa Shen; Mingna Zhang; Hanfei Zhu; Jingxian Yang; Zhounan Zhu; Xiaopin Ma; Jiale Ren; Lei Huang; Qianyun Li; Yuying Tang; Bo Yu; Chunxiu Chen; Mingcheng Xu; Qiuhe Wang; Zhuya Xu; Fengjia Chen; Shujing Liang; Zhixian Zhong; Anmbreen Jamroze; Dean G. Tang; Hangwen Li; Chunyan Dong
Fei Wang; Cai Guang; Yingchao Wang; Qiuyu Zhuang; Zhixiong Cai; Yingying Li; Shaodong Gao; Fang Li; Cuilin Zhang; Bixing Zhao; Xiaolong Liu
Source record