Virginie Dinet; Klaus G. Petry; Jérôme Badaut · 2019 · Frontiers in Neuroscience
Paper
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the principal cause of death and disability in children and young adults. Clinical and preclinical research efforts have been carried out to understand the acute, life-threatening pathophysiological events happening after TBI. In the past few years, however, it was recognized that TBI causes significant morbidity weeks, months, or years after the initial injury, thereby contributing substantially to the overall burden of TBI and the decrease of life expectancy in these patients. Long-lasting sequels of TBI include cognitive decline/dementia, sensory-motor dysfunction, and psychiatric disorders, and most important for patients is the need for socio-economic rehabilitation affecting their quality of life. Cerebrovascular alterations have been described during the first week after TBI for direct consequence development of neuroinflammatory process in relation to brain edema. Within the brain-immune interactions, the complement system, which is a family of blood and cell surface proteins, participates in the pathophysiology process. In fact, the complement system is part of the primary defense and clearance component of innate and adaptive immune response. In this review, the complement activation after TBI will be described in relation to the activation of the microglia and astrocytes as well as the blood-brain barrier dysfunction during the first week after the injury. Considering the neuroinflammatory activity as a causal element of neurological handicaps, some major parallel lines of complement activity in multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer pathologies with regard to cognitive impairment will be discussed for chronic TBI. A better understanding of the role of complement activation could facilitate the development of new therapeutic approaches for TBI.
Analysis
This review explores the critical role of brain-immune interactions and neuroinflammation in the pathophysiology of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), focusing on the complement system's involvement and its long-term consequences.
Discovery
John Chulhoon Park; Leechung Chang; Ho‐Keun Kwon; Sin‐Hyeog Im
Kenneth J. O’Riordan; Gerard M. Moloney; Lily Keane; Gerard Clarke; John F. Cryan
Renqing Zhao
Echo Yongqi Luo; Rio Ryohichi Sugimura
Anbiao Wu; Jiyan Zhang
Weifeng Zhang; Dan Xiao; Qinwen Mao; Haibin Xia
Source record